Geologically constrainted potential field inversions provide the only effective way to predict and map the character of deeply buried units. Application of these inversions to the Gawler Craton allow the identification of buried lithologies and also predict the location of important ore deposits such as Olympic Dam.

Australia's marine jurisdiction is one of the largest and most diverse in the world and surprisingly our knowledge of the biological diversity, marine ecosystems and the physical environment is limited. Acquiring and assembling high resolution seabed bathymetric data is a mandatory step in achieving the goal of increasing our knowledge of the marine environment because models of seabed morphology derived from these data provide useful insights into the physical processes acting on the seabed and the location of different types of habitats. Another important application of detailed bathymetric data is the modelling of hazards such tsunami and storms as they interact with the shelf and coast. Hydrodynamic equations used in tsunami modelling are insensitive to small changes in the earthquake source model, however, small changes in the bathymetry of the shelf and nearshore can have a dramatic effect on model outputs. Therefore, accurate detailed bathymetry data are essential. Geoscience Australia has created high resolution bathymetry grids (at 250, 100, 50 and 10 metres) for Christmas, Cocos (Keeling), Lord Howe and Norfolk Islands. An exhaustive search was conducted finding all available bathymetry such as multibeam swath, laser airborne depth sounder, conventional echo sounder, satellite derived bathymetry and naval charts. Much of this data has been sourced from Geoscience Australia's holdings as well as the CSIRO, the Australian Hydrographic Service and foreign institutions. Onshore data was sourced from Geoscience Australia and other Commonwealth institutions. The final product is a seamless combined Digital Bathymetric Model (DBM) and Digital Elevation Model (DEM). The new Geoscience Australia grids are a vast improvement on the existing publicly available grids. These grids are suitable for: tsunami modelling, storm surge modelling, ocean dynamics, environmental impact studies, marine conservation and fisheries management.

Geoscience Australia (GA) has developed an interactive 3D virtual globe viewer to facilitate effective communication of geoscience data and scientific findings to a wide range of stakeholders. The interactive virtual globe is built on NASA's open source World Wind Java Software Development Kit (SDK) and provides users with easy and rich access to geoscientific data. The tool has been used to launch a number of national and regional datasets, including sub-surface seismic and airborne electromagnetic data (AEM) in conjunction with other relevant geoscience data. For the Broken Hill Managed Aquifer (BHMAR Project, there was a requirement to further develop the existing viewer platform in order to display complex 3D hydrogeological, hydrogeophysical and hydrogeochemical data (points, lines, 2D surface and 3D shapes). The final product includes support for a variety of geo-referenced raster data formats, as well as vector data such as ESRI shapefiles; native support for a variety of GOCAD data types including TSurf, SGrid, Voxet and PLine. It also supports well and borehole data including attribute-based styling of log features and the ability to include legends and descriptions of data within the user interface. An easy-to-use interface has been customised for navigation of data in 3D space using a virtual globe model, with powerful keyframe based animation tools used to generate flythrough animations for use in knowledge communication workshops. The products will be distributed as data layers via the internet and as a stand alone DVD package.

The Tasmanian TASGO 3D model is a model of the geological structure of Tasmania. It contains: interpretations of the TASGO seismic reflection data and reflection and refraction paths from the TASGO seismic refraction survey, plus elevation, bathymetry, satellite imagery, geology maps, geophysical images, major geological structures, gold deposits, geochronology sites, and Dundas area seismic interpretations, cross-sections and fault planes. It is an interactive VRML (Virtual Reality Modelling Language) model. Users can turn data layers on and off and manipulate the model by rotating, zooming and panning. It is a product of the TASGO project, a National Geoscience Agreement (NGA) project between Mineral Resources Tasmania and Geoscience Australia. Software required Geoscience Australia's X3D and older VRML models require the free plugin BS Contact and work best with the web browser Internet Explorer version 6 or higher.

This Tanami Region preliminary three dimensional model has been constructed from themes compiled from a variety of sources and assembled within a GOCAD software application. The display medium for web delivery has used the Virtual Reality Modelling Language (VRML) format. Layers of data were principally supplied by Geoscience Australia apart from a combined image of the Tanami and The Granites 1:250000 scale interpreted maps, surface fault traces, and mineral occurrence point data, which were obtained from the Northern Territory Geological Survey. The geophysical images and gravity "worms" were sourced from grids modelled by Geoscience Australia geophysicists. The cross-sections were geophysically modelled using ModelVision software and imported into GOCAD. Surfaces were modelled in GOCAD using cross-section data and surface constraints.

This third edition preliminary three dimensional model has been constructed from themes compiled from a variety of sources and assembled primarily within ESRI and GoCAD applications. The display medium for web delivery has used the Virtual Reality Modelling Language (VRML) format. Geophysical modelling was done by Geoscience Australia geophysicists using data stored by GA. Interpreted geology images of the Tanami and Arunta were provided by the Nothern Territory Geological Survey. Cross-sections were geophysically modelled using ModelVision, with geological interpretation provided by the NTGS and imported into GoCAD to build three dimensional fault surfaces. This edition of the model incorporates magnetic and gravity inversion surfaces and a depth to magnetic source layer.

Seismic line 07GA-IG2, described here, forms part of the Isa-Georgetown-Charters Towers seismic survey that was acquired in 2007. The seismic line is oriented approximately east-west and extends from east of Croydon in the west to near Mt Surprise in the east (Figure 1). The acquisition costs for this line were provided jointly by the Geological Survey of Queensland and Geoscience Australia, and field logistics and processing were carried out by the Seismic Acquisition and Processing team from Geoscience Australia. Three discrete geological provinces have been interpreted on this seismic section (Figure 2). Two of these, the Numil and Abingdon Provinces, only occur in the subsurface. The upper crustal part of the seismic section consists of the Paleo- to Mesoproterozoic Etheridge Province, which here includes the Croydon Volcanic Group in the western part of the Province. In this east-west profile, the crust is essentially two-layered, with a strongly reflective lower crust defining the Numil and Abingdon Provinces and a less reflective upper crust being representative of the Etheridge Province.

Seismic line 07GA-GC1, described here, forms part of the Isa-Georgetown-Charters Towers seismic survey that was acquired in 2007. The seismic line is oriented approximately northwest-southeast and extends from east of Georgetown in the northwest to south of Charters Towers in the southeast (Figure 1). The acquisition costs for this line were provided jointly by the Geological Survey of Queensland and Geoscience Australia, and field logistics and processing were carried out by the Seismic Acquisition and Processing team from Geoscience Australia. Seven discrete geological provinces have been interpreted on this seismic section (Figure 2). Two of these, the Abingdon and Sausage Creek Provinces, only occur in the subsurface. The upper crustal part of the seismic section is dominated by the Etheridge and Cape River Provinces, but the seismic line also crossed the Broken River Province and the Drummond and Burdekin Basins.

Geoscience Australia collects and manages large amounts of data for Australia's marine zone, including bathymetry data and the legal boundaries of petroleum acreage release areas. Communicating this information to non-specialists can be difficult. To overcome this communication problem Geoscience Australia uses innovative visualisation techniques, including 3D flythroughs and video editing, to integrate raster and vector geospatial data into enhanced multimedia products. Geoscience Australia has used these techniques for a number of years and the resulting products are highly regarded by stakeholders interested in marine zone management and petroleum exploration. This paper examines four case studies where these innovative techniques were used to effectively communicate marine zone information with a wide audience.

The management of water and groundwater resources is increasingly dependent on the integration of large complex datasets to visualise and model hydrological systems. The development of conceptual geological and hydrological models in the Broken Hill Managed Aquifer Recharge (BHMAR) project has involved the integration of high resolution LiDAR, remote sensing (Landsat, SPOT), airborne electromagnetic (AEM), ground and in-river electrical surveys, and point datasets from surface sites and drillholes (borehole NMR, induction and gamma logs as well as hydrogeochemical and lithological data). Products derived from the integration of these datasets include 3D maps of hydrostratigraphy, groundwater quality, hydraulic conductivity, recharge maps, 2D displays of data (e.g. potentiometric surface maps), 3D volume shapes of groundwater resources and managed aquifer storage targets, and lithological, hydrogeochemical and hydrological data in drillholes. These datasets will be used to parameterise groundwater models at regional and borefield scales. To facilitate effective communication of such large and complex geoscience datasets and project results to a wide range of stakeholders, Geoscience Australia (GA) has recently developed an interactive 3D virtual globe viewer. The interactive virtual globe is built on NASA's open source World Wind Java Software Development Kit (SDK) and provides users with easy and rich access to geoscientific data.The BHMAR project required further development of the existing viewer platform in order to display complex 3D hydrogeological, hydrogeophysical and hydrogeochemical data (points, lines, 2D surface and 3D shapes). The final product includes support for a variety of geo-referenced raster data formats, as well as vector data such as ESRI shapefiles and native support for a variety of GOCAD data types including TSurf, SGrid, Voxet and PLine.